Multimodal treatment of patients with a brain tumor primarily involves microsurgical excision, ideally radical, or at least subtotal resection. Tumors in deep or inaccessible locations may require biopsy followed by adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or radiosurgery. Beyond controlling tumor growth, preserving neurological function and promoting brain plasticity are essential goals. Persistent inflammation and intracranial hypertension can trigger secondary injury through edema, excitotoxicity, and ischemia, potentially resulting in irreversible neuronal damage. Multimodal strategies, including neuroprotective measures such as Cerebrolysin administration, may help prevent or mitigate these secondary processes, supporting recovery and functional outcomes. Clinically, patients may present with headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, or subtle cognitive and motor deficits, progressing in severe cases to deterioration of consciousness. Incorporating cerebroprotective interventions in perioperative management represents a promising approach to enhance recovery, functional independence, and quality of life in neurosurgical oncology patients.
