Mental disorders affect a substantial portion of the global population, posing significant challenges for healthcare systems due to high hospitalization costs and resource demands. This narrative review examines the economic impact of these disorders, with particular attention to hospitalization expenses, intervention effectiveness, and recent research outcomes. The main findings of recent studies highlight that mental disorders substantially increase hospitalization costs through frequent admissions, extended stays, and the need for specialized treatments. When physical comorbidities are also present, the burden grows even greater, further elevating both costs and resource utilization. While these challenges are considerable, they are not insurmountable. Integrated care models, early intervention, and preventive strategies show promise in reducing costs while improving patient outcomes. In conclusion, effective management of mental health disorders requires more than isolated treatment; it calls for comprehensive, integrated healthcare strategies addressing both mental and physical health. In this context, complex outpatient services and preventive care systems emerge as essential components of sustainable mental healthcare. Future research should aim to standardize methodologies, clarify the economic burden of mental health conditions, and provide guidance for future healthcare policies.
