Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a severe central nervous system (CNS) infection associated with cognitive decline, psychotic symptoms, and epilepsy. Despite aggressive antiviral and corticosteroid treatments, post-HSE complications remain challenging to manage. We report a case of a 33-year-old female patient with post-HSE neuropsychiatric symptoms who showed significant improvement following Cerebrolysin treatment. The patient was treated with acyclovir and dexamethasone in the acute phase, followed by Cerebrolysin administration in the post-acute phase. This case highlights the potential therapeutic role of Cerebrolysin in managing post-encephalitic cognitive dysfunction, underscoring the need for further studies.