2025, Volume 18, Issue 8, pp 759 – 765

A retrospective study on triggering factors and management of epistaxis – our experience in a tertiary ENT clinic

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Authors and Affiliations

* Corresponding author Ruxandra Oana Aliuș, ENT Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; ENT Department, Prof. Dr. D. Hociota Institute of Phonoaudiology and Functional ENT Surgery, Bucharest, Romania. E-mail: iana.ruxandra@gmail.com

Abstract

Epistaxis is one of the most frequent ENT emergencies, with complex etiologies ranging from local trauma to systemic conditions. This retrospective study analyzed 1,173 patients who presented with epistaxis at a tertiary ENT center over 5 years. Of these, 260 required admissions. The most common triggering factors were hypertension, anticoagulant/antiaggregant therapy, and postoperative complications. A significant portion (38.46%) of cases were idiopathic. Recurrent bleeding was often associated with high blood pressure and male gender, particularly in the 61–70-year age group. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia was diagnosed in 11 patients, all requiring repeated interventions. Most anterior nasal bleedings had a good response to conservative measures. Posterior or severe cases of epistaxis may require surgical interventions such as cauterization or argon plasma coagulation. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the importance of individualized management, taking into account the location, etiology, and severity. Proper control of cardiovascular comorbidities and careful postoperative monitoring are essential to reducing recurrence and complications associated with epistaxis.

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About this article

PMC ID: PMC12467489
PubMed ID: 41020077
DOI: 10.25122/jml-2025-0107

Article Publishing Date (print):
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Journal information

ISSN Printing: 1844-122X
ISSN Online: 1844-3117
Journal Title: Journal of Medicine and Life

Copyright License: Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.

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