2025, Volume 18, Issue 9, pp 914 – 915

Simulated patient methodology for the investigation of community pharmacy practice: a worldwide success story

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Authors and Affiliations

* Corresponding author Bernhard Langer, Department of Health, Nursing, Management, Neubrandenburg University of Applied Sciences, Neubrandenburg, Germany; E-mail: langer@hs-nb.de

Abstract

The simulated patient methodology (SPM), a form of participant observation, is generally recommended in the international literature. SPM studies investigating community pharmacy (CP) practice have been conducted in at least 52 countries from all regions of the world, with the number of publications per year increasing. Not only ‘traditional’ visits, but also calls are used in SPM studies. Accordingly, in addition to reviews of visits, reviews of calls are planned. The interest in the SPM is already so great that not only worldwide reviews, but also reviews on specific regions and individual countries, have been published. Finally, a checklist called CRiSPHe is available to help researchers report their studies using the simulated patient method. It was developed through a Delphi study focused on pharmacy and has since been refined. SPM is now considered the ‘gold standard’ in the international literature for investigating CP practice.

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About this article

PMC ID: PMC12577773
PubMed ID: 41178895
DOI: 10.25122/jml-2025-0138

Article Publishing Date (print):
Available Online: 

Journal information

ISSN Printing: 1844-122X
ISSN Online: 1844-3117
Journal Title: Journal of Medicine and Life

Copyright License: Open Access

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use and redistribution provided that the original author and source are credited.

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