Beginning the study of benign tumors of the bone in children and adolescents, a group of diseases that have in common the clinical aspects, evolution, and surgical treatment, genetic theory in the etiology of the solitary bone cyst, can be sustained by some cases of siblings with the same disease.

This paper presents the particular case of two brothers, treated in our clinic for the same condition: solitary bone cyst of the proximal humerus. The two brothers were admitted with the same symptoms, the localization was the same. Because of the genetic studies regarding this condition, we think that it is an interesting aspect of this pathology. This study also tried to find the most appropriate approach in the treatment of these tumors.